Overview / Measures / DCPI
Asset class I · AI compute economics (cost)

DCPI · Data Center Power Price Index

What an AI data center actually pays per MWh under a supply contract — by state, by scale, by term, public and recomputable.

LIVE Live series: the reading is recomputed monthly as full-level rate sheets are added (rule under the method section); not a daily series.
Reading
64.0
$/MWh (effective price)
Observations ingested
11
each with source_url
Sources registered
4
all publicly verifiable
Cadence
monthly

Issue 1 · Large-load tariff register (2026-11-10)

11 regulator-approved large-load (data center) tariffs or special contracts ingested, each with a case number and a source link. The tables below are the terms and rate-sheet fact layer; the issue-1 reading is the unweighted median of the cells' annual effective prices (rule under the computation section).

StateUtility / tariffDocketStatusThresholdMinimum demandTermPrice disclosureSource
MissouriAmeren Missouri (Union Electric)
11(M) Large Primary / Large Load Customer Service
MoPSC ET-2025-0184 (rate itself: ER-2024-0319)2025-11-24
2025-06-01 (rate)
>=75 MW (LLCS); 11(M) billing demand >=5,000 kW80% of contract capacity12 years after ramp, auto-extend 5 yearsFull (rate sheet)primary
VirginiaDominion Energy Virginia
GS-5 Large General Service
SCC PUR-2025-00058 (rate sheets accepted: DCC 261030057, 2026-10-14)2025-11-25 (final order)
2027-01-01
>=25 MW and load factor >=75%85% T&D / 60% generation of contracted capacity14 years incl. rampPartialsecondary
OhioAEP Ohio
Schedule DCT (Data Center Tariff)
PUCO 24-508-EL-ATA2025-07-09
2025-07-23
>25 MW new load (affiliates aggregated)85% of contract capacity12 years incl. 4-year rampNo separate priceprimary
South DakotaOtter Tail Power
10.06 Super Large General Service
SD PUC EL-18-0212019-07-09
2019-08-01
>=25 MW at a single metering point, load factor >=80%, >=175,000 MWh/yearset per customer from a marginal-cost modelESA >=5 yearsFormula (secret)primary
MinnesotaXcel Energy (NSPM)
Very Large General Time of Day Service (Rate Code A97)
MN PUC E002/M-25-289 (order 2026-06-12)2026-06-12
2026-08-01 (rate sheet effective)
new demand >=100 MW; 20-100 MW also mandatory if deemed 'system intensive'80% of Load Ramp or Contract Capacity (billing-demand floor)>=15 years (including up to 5-year load ramp)Full (rate sheet)primary
LouisianaEntergy Louisiana (special contract)
Meta-specific ESA + high-load-factor schedule
LPSC order, Aug 20252025-08
—
very large single customerminimum monthly bill covers the full annual revenue requirement of planned generators regardless of usage15 years (auto-extend 5 years)Confidentialprimary
IndianaIndiana Michigan Power (I&M, AEP)
Industrial Power (Schedule 150, revised)
IURC Cause No. 46097 (final order 2025-02-19)2025-02-19
from 2025-02-19 (Tariff I.P. rate sheet, current IURC No. 20 book)
>=70 MW at one site or >=150 MW aggregated (new/expanded)90% of contracted capacity (up from 60%)12 years plus up to 5-year ramp (17 total)Full (rate sheet)primary
MichiganIndiana Michigan Power (I&M, AEP)
Tariff LP (large load, amended)
MPSC Case No. U-21986 (approved 2026-08-27)2026-08-27
rates from 2024-07-15 (U-21461); U-21986 (2026-08-27) amended terms, not prices
>=50 MW90% minimum demand + 65% minimum energy15 years (max 5-year ramp); 4 years' notice for >10% reductionFull (rate sheet)primary
IllinoisCommonwealth Edison (ComEd)
Extra Large Load Delivery Class (>10,000 kW)
ICC Docket 24-0378 (Jan 2025 rates)2025-01-16
Jan 2025 billing period
>10,000 kW maximum demanddistribution billed on 9am-6pm weekday coincident demand (no take-or-pay floor)no mandatory long-term contract (retail choice; energy bought at hourly PJM prices)Partialprimary
MissouriEvergy Metro, Inc. d/b/a Evergy Missouri Metro
Schedule LLPS Large Load Power Service
MoPSC EO-2025-0154 (tariff JE-2026-0104, approved 2026-02-25)2026-02-25
2026-03-09
>=75 MW (new or expanded load)80% of contract capacityUp to 5-year ramp + 12 years (17 max); collateral = 2 years of minimum monthly bills; exit fee = minimum monthly bill x remaining months (>=12), early-termination fee adds on <36 months' noticeFull (rate sheet)primary
MissouriEvergy Missouri West, Inc. d/b/a Evergy Missouri West
Schedule LLPS Large Load Power Service
MoPSC EO-2025-0154 (tariff JE-2026-0105, approved 2026-02-25)2026-02-25
2026-03-09
>=75 MW (new or expanded load)80% of contract capacityUp to 5-year ramp + 12 years (17 max); collateral = 2 years of minimum monthly bills; exit fee = minimum monthly bill x remaining months (>=12), early-termination fee adds on <36 months' noticeFull (rate sheet)primary

Price cells (full disclosure only)

State / tariffSummer ¢/kWhSummer $/kW-moWinter ¢/kWhWinter $/kW-moEffective summer/winter/annual $/MWh (LF 80%)
Missouri
11(M) Large Primary Service · 2025-06-01
4.06$23.903.71$10.6381.5 / 55.3 / 64.0
Missouri
Schedule LLPS, Original Sheet No. 77 · 2026-03-09
2.99$24.042.99$22.0471.0 / 67.6 / 68.7
Missouri
Schedule LLPS, Original Sheet No. 187 · 2026-03-09
2.88$21.892.88$19.8966.3 / 62.9 / 64.0
Indiana
Tariff I.P. (Industrial Power), IURC No. 20, First Revised Sheet No. 21 · 2025-02-19
3.93$10.193.93$10.1956.8 / 56.8 / 56.8
Michigan
Tariff LP (Large Power), M.P.S.C. No. 18, Original Sheet No. D-35/D-36 · 2024-07-15
3.63$23.593.63$23.5976.7 / 76.7 / 76.7
Minnesota
Very Large General Time of Day Service, Rate Code A97 (Sheet 5-32.2) · 2026-08-01
1.57$25.901.57$21.3160.1 / 52.2 / 54.8

Ameren's own stated all-in ~$0.062/kWh for large load (excl. riders, load-factor dependent) — corroborates the computed value · cross-check source

  • Evergy Metro, Inc.:Demand = demand charge (summer 21.038 / winter 19.038) + substation grid charge 3.003 $/kW-mo; transmission-connected customers use 2.200 (0.803 $/kW-mo lower, about 1.4 $/MWh at an 80% load factor). The grid charge carries no seasonality. Customer charge $1,181.28/mo and reactive adjustment excluded per method
  • Evergy Missouri West, Inc.:Demand = demand charge (summer 17.074 / winter 15.074) + substation grid charge 4.811 $/kW-mo; transmission-connected customers use 4.750 (0.061 $/kW-mo lower, about 0.1 $/MWh at an 80% load factor). The grid charge carries no seasonality. Customer charge $675/mo and reactive adjustment excluded per method
  • Indiana Michigan Power (I&M, AEP):Loads >=70MW take transmission-level I.P. as amended in 46097. Two-tier energy (first 410 kWh per kW of demand at 5.058c, over at 1.286c) blends to 3.934c at 80% load factor (584 kWh/kW-mo). The $14.700/kW-mo minimum demand charge only sets the minimum-bill floor; at 80% LF the regular path ($33.17/kW-mo) exceeds it, so the regular demand charge applies. No seasonality: summer = winter. Customer charge, reactive adjustment and riders excluded per method
  • Indiana Michigan Power (I&M, AEP):Data centres >=50MW take transmission-level standard service under LP as amended by U-21986. TOU energy (on-peak = weekdays 7am-9pm: first 210 kWh/kW at 4.753c, over at 3.002c; off-peak 3.002c) blends to 3.632c at 80% load factor (243.3 on-peak + 340.7 off-peak kWh/kW-mo). U-21986 amended terms (15-year term, 90% minimum demand, 65% minimum energy) but not prices - the current book's LP sheets still carry U-21461 rates; the MPSC has ordered a standalone data-centre class in the next rate case. No seasonality. Customer charge, reactive and riders excluded per method
  • Xcel Energy (NSPM):Demand takes the transmission-level On Peak tier (secondary 24.66/29.25 less the $3.35/kW-mo voltage discount) = 25.90 summer / 21.31 winter $/kW-mo; under flat load the off-peak demand never exceeds on-peak, so the $3.35 excess-demand charge does not bite. Two-tier energy (on-peak = 9am-9pm Mon-Fri less 7 holidays = 3,048 h/yr, 34.83% of hours; 2.751c on-peak / 1.448c off-peak, less the 0.329c transmission discount) blends to 1.5728c at 80% load factor. On the undiscounted secondary-voltage table the annual value would be 63.8 $/MWh, and 56.5 at transmission-transformed (2.35/0.334c). Customer charge $9,000/mo, the 7.14% interim surcharge and the fuel/resource riders are excluded per method - actual bills are higher. Individual ESAs (e.g. Google Pine Island, docket 26-170) remain redacted, so this cell is the rate-sheet skeleton, not what that customer pays

Computation (reproduce this yourself)

  • Effective price = energy ¢/kWh × 10 + demand $/kW-mo ÷ (80% × 730h) × 1000.
  • Annual value weights 4 summer and 8 winter months.
  • Excludes riders (fuel adjustment, efficiency, RES), reactive charges, customer charges and taxes — actual all-in bills are higher.
  • Price cells accept only 'full' disclosure (official rate sheet); reading threshold is 5 cells, currently 6.
  • Issue-1 reading = the unweighted median of the annual effective prices of all full-level price cells. Unweighted because cells carry no natural weights (no volumes), and the median is robust to any single-cell anomaly. The rule was registered on the day the fifth cell was met (2026-11-11); the reading follows from the rule, never the reverse.

Third-party reference: the same modelled 25 MW data center under five tariffs (not this site's basis)

E3's May 2026 white paper (self-funded, using Halcyon tariff data) modelled the annual bill of a hypothetical 25 MW, transmission-connected data center under five tariffs, including customer, demand, energy charges and riders. These are third-party modelled values, not this site's price cells — the load shape, voltage and site assumptions are E3's and must not be mixed with our line-by-line recomputation from official rate sheets. It is shown only to give readers a cross-state order of magnitude.

Tariff (state)Modelled annual cost (¢/kWh)
Oncor transmission service (TX)5.44
Dominion GS-4 (VA)6.54
Dominion GS-5 (VA)7.96
ComEd Extra Large Load (IL)8.86
Georgia Power PLL-18 (GA)9.43

Cross-state spread 3.99¢; our recomputed values of 5.5-7.7¢ sit inside the range (different basis, magnitude check only) Reference: E3 (Energy and Environmental Economics) x Halcyon Large Load Tariff Tracker(2026-05)

Issue-1 reading published: 64.0 $/MWh (unweighted median of 6 cells). The rule was registered on 2026-11-11, the day the fifth cell was met, and published 64.0; a sixth cell (Xcel Minnesota) was added on 2026-11-12 and the reading recomputed under the same rule without moving. The six fully recomputable official rate sheets — Ameren Missouri 11(M), Evergy Metro and Evergy Missouri West LLPS (Missouri), I&M's Indiana Tariff I.P. and Michigan Tariff LP (both transmission level), plus Xcel Minnesota A97 (a time-of-day schedule effective 2026-08-01, blended across 3,048 on-peak hours a year) — compute to annual effective prices of 64.0 / 68.7 / 64.0 / 56.8 / 76.7 / 54.8 $/MWh at the same load factor. The rule was registered before the number: the reading is the median of the cells, never reverse-engineered from a desired result. The other half of the price story is unchanged: Otter Tail prices from a trade-secret formula, Entergy's contract price is confidential and Dominion's GS-5 discloses demand components only. Minnesota draws that line most sharply — the rate skeleton is public while the customer-level ESA dollars stay redacted (Pine Island's agreement is still treated as trade secret) — so the reading covers 'states where rate sheets are verifiable', not the whole US. The full derivation, the 19.9 $/MWh same-company cross-state gap and the third-party reference table are in the data story.

1. Why this index exists

Industry gap analyses name it directly: AI data center PPA prices span $68.90–115/MWh, there is no standard pricing framework, every deal is bilateral, and nobody is building the transparency layer.

The Minnesota Attorney General's office (Oct 2026) publicly alleged that Xcel redacted nearly all dollar figures in Google data center supply contracts as trade secrets, estimating billion-dollar cost shifting onto ordinary bills; the Wisconsin PSC chair put it plainly: NDAs, heavy redaction, corporate aliases and closed-door bargaining are hurting rather than helping.

Buyers, regulators and researchers all lack an independent benchmark — while the underlying dockets are legally public.

Whitespace check

Adjacent slotIncumbentOverlap?
Wholesale nodal power priceISO / EIA official (PJM, ERCOT real-time)No — that is spot commodity pricing, not long-term contract pricing
Data center rent / vacancyCBRE / JLL / Cushman quarterlyNo — real estate basis, no power price
PPA price databaseLevelTen Energy (renewable PPA quotes, seller-side members)Partial: LevelTen is seller asking prices, not executed data center supply terms
Data center ESA / tariff indexNoneThe gap this index fills

Whitespace check performed 8 November 2026. Sources listed at the foot of this page.

2. Definition and formula

DCPI(state, MW-band, term) = median( P_effective ) unit: $/MWh P_effective = PV of total contract payments / expected MWh over the term inclusive of demand charges, minimum-take clauses and exit penalties

Stratification

StateMN / WI / VA / GA / OH (v1.0, five states)
Load band>=100MW / 50-100MW / <50MW
Contract typeESA special contract / standard tariff / PPA
Term10 / 15 / 20 years
Redaction handlingwhere the unit price is redacted, publish a derivable interval (minimum take x published fixed-cost recovery) and label it as an interval, never a point

3. Source register

SourceContentCaptureCadenceStatus
State PUC dockets (MN, WI, VA, GA, OH, TX, PA…)ESA applications, tariff revisions, settlement agreements, consumer-advocate commentsdocket systems (eDocket / eFile), case by caseweeklystatutory public
SEC 8-K / 10-KPPA disclosures and power commitmentsEDGAR full-text searchevent-drivenstatutory public
EIA / ISOindustrial retail rates, wholesale averages (as reference basis)official APImonthlypublic
ISO interconnection queuesload size and energisation timing (validates MW band)official public queuesquarterlypublic

Feeds GRVI (power price is a primary input to compute economics); same audience as NCSX-IS (neocloud creditors watch power exposure)

4. Outputs and machine endpoints

CadenceOutputAccess
monthlyindex snapshot plus data-center power premium chart (contract vs industrial retail vs wholesale)free
quarterlyData Center Power Contract Quarterly: new contracts and redaction-rate statisticsfree
machine/api/v1/dcpi/latest.json · contract list CSV (docket number and source link per row)Pro
differentiatorredaction rate — a transparency thermometer that is itself an indexfree

/api/v1/dcpi/latest.json /api/v1/dcpi/tariffs.json

Field shape is identical across the family: ticker / status / reading / observations / unit / cadence / methodology_version / next_publication. Parse once, cover all five.

5. Status and milestones

Current status:LIVE  Readings are published only after issue-1 observations are ingested. Every number on this page is an actual ingested count; nothing is estimated.
StageActionAcceptance (recomputable)
30-day probe30 dockets across 5 states ingested; first state-by-MW-band price table with redaction flagsone reply from a law firm, developer or regulator
90 daysmethodology page + Zenodo v1.0 + monthly pipelineredaction-rate table cited by one media outlet
12 monthsexpand to 15 states; first expert-testimony opportunity in a rate case; working paper on SSRN3+ third-party citations, with regulatory filings weighted highest

6. Red lines

  • Definitional complexity: ESA terms vary enormously (demand charges, minimum take, exit penalties) — Peffective must disclose its assumptions case by case; prefer an interval to false precision.
  • Adversarial setting: neither utilities nor hyperscalers like transparency — every statement cites docket text, never opinion; let the numbers speak.
  • Workload: docket capture plus manual reading is the heaviest of the family, which is why it launches after GRVI.
  • Red line: publish no price obtained from a non-public channel (dockets only); accept funding from no party — neutrality is the product.

7. How to cite

Free to cite for research and press. Always give the ticker, the version and the URL — dropping any of the three breaks machine traceability.

Tian, B. (2026). DCPI v1.0 — Data Center Power Price Index. SpreadBench. https://spreadbench.com/dcpi.html

Other citation formats (APA / MLA / Chicago / BibTeX) · Data licence