Overview / Measures / GRVI
Asset class I · AI compute economics (assets)

GRVI · GPU Residual Value Index

What fraction of launch price a GPU still commands after N years of service — public, recomputable, weekly.

INTAKE · ISSUE 1 IN Validated active listings are ingested, each with a source_url; both the price panel and the denominator register sit below. The ratio is still withheld, but no longer because data is missing: H100's denominator is anchored on what a buyer actually paid (IREN, 816 cards for $32.0m across two orders, $39,216 weighted), and what is missing there is sample — eBay carries only 3 used listings, below the n>=5 threshold. A100 is the mirror image: enough sample, no denominator — an exhaustive EDGAR full-text audit completed 2026-11-12 (all 823 'A100' hits classified, every GPU-context issuer read in the original) confirms no buyer-side unit price is disclosed. Neither gap is papered over with an approximation.
Reading
—
Issue 1 ingested; ratio pending
Observations ingested
46
each with source_url
Sources registered
5
all publicly verifiable
Cadence
weekly

First issue · listing price panel (2026-11-10)

46 validated active eBay listings, each carrying a source_url and capture time. The table below is the median asking price — not a transaction price, and not the index reading.

CardConditionnMedian (USD)Range (USD)Status
A100 80GBused17$18,998$10,449 – $26,896published
SXM10$13,994$10,449 – $26,896
PCIe6$18,998$15,498 – $21,884
A100 80GBnew15$22,597$8,399 – $33,798published
SXM7$19,499$8,399 – $23,849
PCIe7$28,798$22,499 – $33,798
H100 80GBused3$37,975$17,999 – $53,847n too small, listed only
SXM1$17,999$17,999 – $17,999
H100 80GBnew11$45,673$27,223 – $77,595published
SXM3$40,878$35,498 – $77,595
PCIe5$45,673$27,223 – $52,947

Basis note: eBay listings skew to single retail cards and SXM modules; batch rack pricing is a separate regime and must be labelled separately, never mixed. Cross-marketplace audit (2026-11-10): to rule out a capture that is simply too narrow, the same keyword and filters were run against eBay UK, Germany and Australia for used H100 80GB — the UK returned 4 matches but all were complete servers (DL380 Gen10 / DGX H100 / ESC8000A-4U), and Germany and Australia returned zero qualifying single cards. Including the US sample, the worldwide count of qualifying single-card listings is 3. Used H100s change hands mainly as whole systems and through brokers who quote privately, with no public verifiable price — the scarcity is structural, not a capture gap, so the threshold is not relaxed to manufacture five observations.

Anchoring the denominator: what buyers actually paid, per SEC filings

Register of P_launch anchors. Only buyer-side GPU purchase quantities and amounts disclosed in SEC filings are recorded, each with a source link and the original quote; unit price = amount / quantity and is fully recomputable. Issuers describe counts as approximate, so unit prices are approximate too and must be cited with 'approx'.

CardIssuerFiledUnitsTotalImplied unitNoteFiling
H100-80GBIREN Limited2023-08-29248$10M~$40,3236-K
H100-80GBIREN Limited2024-02-14568$22M~$38,7326-K
B200IREN Limited2025-08-282,400$130M~$54,167This order combines 1.3k B200 and 1.1k B300 in one amount; it must not be used as a single-model unit price10-K
B200IREN Limited2025-08-284,200$193M~$45,95210-K
B300IREN Limited2025-08-281,200$71M~$59,50010-K

H100 80GB is anchored: 816 cards for US$32.0m combined, weighted $39,216 per card (IREN 6-K). Denominator resolved; the block is sample size: eBay US has 3 qualifying single cards, eBay UK's 4 hits were all complete servers, and Germany and Australia returned zero (cross-marketplace audit 2026-11-10). Used H100s trade as whole systems and via private broker quotes, so the scarcity is structural and the threshold is not relaxed to manufacture five observations.

A100 80GB remains unanchored: An exhaustive negative search is now complete (2026-11-12, EDGAR full-text, all form types from 2019-01-01): all 823 'A100' hits were classified and every GPU-context issuer read in the original (CoreWeave, Recursion, TeraWulf, Applied Digital, Super Micro, VivoPower, Cyxtera, Boost Run, One Stop Systems, NetApp, Amazon, Infosys and eight listed miners) — every genuine mention is a deployment narrative, a hosting note or seller marketing, none is a buyer-side quantity-times-amount disclosure; the remainder are false positives (poly-A tails, an AAV vector name, a clinical endpoint, ABS tranche codes, part numbers). The A100 denominator keeps waiting for verifiable disclosure and will not be downgraded to third-party compilations of ~$10,000 (PCIe) / ~$15,000 (SXM4)

Negative-search audit (2026-11-12): EDGAR full-text search (efts.sec.gov), all form types, 2019-01-01 to 2026-11-12; 823 total 'A100' hits, all classified. The buyer-purchase phrase matrix ("purchased A100" / "A100 GPUs for $" and six more) returned zero hits; sanity check: the same phrasing recalls all nine IREN filings behind the H100 anchors, so the queries do catch buyer disclosures when they exist. Every GPU-context issuer was read in the original and ruled out (deployment / hosting / seller marketing, no quantity-times-amount); the rest fall into five false-positive categories. No buyer-side A100 unit price exists in SEC filings: the 2020-21 launch-era buyers were hyperscalers that do not disclose per-card prices, and later filings contain only deployment or hosting narratives. The denominator stays unanchored; third-party compilations are not used.
  • CoreWeave (CRWV) — 'deployed former generation A100 GPUs into new contracts', deployment narrative, no price
  • Recursion (RXRX) — BioHive-1 = 40 NVIDIA DGX A100 640GB nodes; count disclosed, purchase amount not disclosed
  • TeraWulf (WULF) — 'a compact (NVIDIA A100) GPU system' pilot since Sept 2023; no count, no price
  • Applied Digital (APLD) — Jamestown facility 'hosts a cluster of Nvidia A100, A40 and A6000 GPUs'; hosting, not a purchase
  • Super Micro (SMCI) — export-control risk factor listing A100 among restricted products, no purchase price
  • VivoPower (VIVO) — powered-shell landlord: 'does not require us to purchase or provide GPUs'
  • Cyxtera (Starboard SVAC 8-K) — 'first data center operator to offer access to NVIDIA DGX A100', marketing
  • Boost Run (BRUN) — S-1 lists A100 in its GPU portfolio, no per-model amounts
  • One Stop Systems (OSS) — seller-side product marketing (expansion systems, Rigel edge supercomputer)
  • NetApp (NTAP) — ONTAP AI reference architecture with DGX A100, partner marketing
  • Amazon (AMZN) / Infosys (INFY) — context mentions only, no unit prices
  • Listed miners (Hut 8, Bitdeer, HIVE, Bit Digital, Core Scientific, Cipher, Bitfarms) — zero A100 hits

Cleaning rules (reproduce this exact sample)

  • Capture: 1126 raw records from eBay active listings (keywords A100/H100 80GB, Graphics/Video Cards category, condition limited to used or new).
  • Model check: the title must contain A100 or H100 as a word, and must contain 80GB — this drops P100/K80 items eBay injects as related matches, and drops 40GB variants.
  • Anomaly exclusion: accessories and shells (bracket / backplane / heatsink / waterblock / housing / cable / fan…), faulty units (ECC error / for parts / not working), engineering samples (qual sample), and complete systems or lots (DGX / HGX / server / lot of / 2x / 4x) never enter the base curve.
  • Price band: A100 80GB is bounded to $5,000–40,000 and H100 80GB to $8,000–80,000; anything outside is a miscapture or a scam listing.
  • De-duplication: one row per URL; listings sharing card, condition, normalised title and identical price are treated as the same offer re-listed and counted once.
  • FX: listings priced in HKD are converted at the capture-date rate 0.127513 (source open.er-api.com/v6/latest/HKD); the rate is stored on every row.
  • Attrition: 1126 raw → 46 validated. Main rejection reasons: model mismatch 419, capacity mismatch 140, duplicate URL 493, excluded term 22, re-listed duplicate 5, price out of band 1.
Why the ratio is withheld. GRVI = secondary price ÷ launch price, and the two cards are blocked in opposite ways. H100: the denominator is now anchored on what a buyer actually paid (weighted $39,216 per card, table above), but only 3 qualifying used card listings exist — below this site's n>=5 publication threshold. A100: the sample is fine (17 listings), but the denominator is missing — an exhaustive full-text audit of SEC filings completed 2026-11-12 (all 823 'A100' hits classified, every GPU-context issuer read in the original; see the negative-search register in the anchor table) confirms no buyer-side unit price is disclosed, and third-party compilations around $10,000/$15,000 are not a usable denominator. Both gaps must close before a reading is published; until then no approximation is substituted.

1. Why this index exists

Since November 2025 Michael Burry has argued that hyperscalers understate depreciation by extending useful lives (his estimate: about $176bn cumulatively over 2026–2028, with Oracle/Meta earnings potentially overstated by 27%/21%). The rebuttal cites A100s running at full load into 2029 and a batch of maturing H100s re-leased at 95% of original price. Amazon shortened some server lives from six years to five in 2025; Meta has extended three times in three years.

Accounting standards (ASC 250) say this hinges on the asset's true economic life — yet the market still has no independent, recomputable residual-value series to adjudicate it. Both sides cite their own samples; neither publishes a public transaction series.

Whitespace check

Adjacent slotIncumbentOverlap?
GPU rental rate ($/GPU·hr)Silicon Data (H100 rental index), SemiAnalysisNo — rent ≠ residual value
Secondary-market residual indexNone — trade press notes no independent index tracks used H100 pricesThe gap this index fills
Compute capex returnsOne-off estimates (Azeem Azhar); no persistent indexDownstream extension, not a conflict

Whitespace check performed 8 November 2026. Sources listed at the foot of this page.

2. Definition and formula

GRVI(card, age) = median( P_secondary(card, age) ) / P_launch(card) Economic life EL(card) = smallest age at which E[GRVI] < 30% Gap(card, age) = GRVI(card, age) - carrying residual rate(card, age) Carrying residual rate = 1 - straight-line depreciation (5 or 6 years)

Stratification

CardA100 / H100 / H200 / B200 (v1.0 publishes A100 and H100 only)
Agebinned by quarter
Conditionnew sealed / used / pulled
RegionUS / EU / APAC
Price basistransaction price first; listing-only items converted via a published sold-to-list discount factor

3. Source register

SourceContentCaptureCadenceStatus
eBayH100 / A100 used listings and sold pricespage / API scrapingweeklypublic
ServeTheHome and similar forumswhole-system and batch sale threadsscrape + manual verificationweeklypublic
Broker quote sheetsbatch rack-level quotes (mailing list)manual entrymonthlypublic
SEC 10-K / 10-Quseful-life changes, retirement accruals, impairmentsEDGAR scrapingquarterlystatutory public
SEC 8-Klease disclosures, residual guarantees, renewal pricingEDGAR scrapingevent-drivenstatutory public

Upstream: rentgpu.link (31-platform rental capture) · DCPI (power cost) · CIDX (China supply cost)

Downstream consumer: NCSX-IS (residual value feeds credit analysis)

4. Outputs and machine endpoints

CadenceOutputAccess
weeklyincremental CSV of data points, each with source_url / observed_at / price / condition / batch flagfree
monthlyindex snapshot plus GRVI versus straight-line carrying value chartfree
quarterlyCompute Residual Value Quarterly + versioned Zenodo datasetfree
machine/api/v1/grvi/latest.json · row-level records CSVPro

/api/v1/grvi/latest.json /api/v1/grvi/panel.json grvi-observations-2026-11-10.csv

Field shape is identical across the family: ticker / status / reading / observations / unit / cadence / methodology_version / next_publication. Parse once, cover all five.

5. Status and milestones

Current status:INTAKE · ISSUE 1 IN  Readings are published only after issue-1 observations are ingested. Every number on this page is an actual ingested count; nothing is estimated.
StageActionAcceptance (recomputable)
30-day probescrape eBay + broker listings; compile useful-life change history for 10 companies; publish H100 curve v0.1one external reply from a lessor or short-seller asking for a copy
90 daysmethodology page + Zenodo v1.0 + automated weekly pipelineanyone can recompute the same curve from the documentation
12 months4th quarterly; working paper on SSRN; first paid subscriptions3+ third-party citations

6. Red lines

  • Sample bias: eBay listings skew to single retail cards while batch rack pricing is a separate regime — the two tracks must be labelled separately and never mixed.
  • Legal risk: report numbers only, never conclude that earnings were inflated; the Gap chart compares depreciation-policy categories, not named companies.
  • Anti-scraping: when eBay rate-limits, fall back to manual sampling plus broker mailing lists; 50 observations a week is enough to start (a median is insensitive to sample size).
  • Red line: no fake DOIs; every methodology change is versioned with a changelog; no bespoke 'favourable version' for any institution.

7. How to cite

Free to cite for research and press. Always give the ticker, the version and the URL — dropping any of the three breaks machine traceability.

Tian, B. (2026). GRVI v1.0 — GPU Residual Value Index. SpreadBench. https://spreadbench.com/grvi.html

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